Language localization

Language localization(from the English term locale, "a place where something happens or
is set") is the second phase of a larger process of product translation and cultural adaptation (for
specific countries, regions, or groups) to account for differences in distinct markets, a process
known as internationalization and localization. Language localization is not merely a translation
activity, because it involves a comprehensive study of the target culture in order to correctly adapt
the product to local needs. Localization is sometimes referred to by the numeronym "L10N" (as in:
"L", followed by ten more letters, and then "N").
The localization process is most generally related to the cultural adaptation and translation
of software, video games, and websites, and less frequently to any written translation (which may
also involve cultural adaptation processes). Localization can be done for regions or countries
where people speak different languages, or where the same language is spoken: for instance,
different dialects of Spanish, with different idioms, are spoken in Spain than are spoken in Latin
America; likewise, word choices and idioms vary among countries where English is the official
language (e.g., in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Philippines).
Keyboards that are sourced from the Gulf incorporate Arabic letters above each key.
Regional languages in India are also being introduced into keyboards as part of localization.